POD of small LEO satellites based on precise real-time MADOCA and SBAS-aided PPP corrections

For real-time precise orbit determination (POD) of low earth (LEO) satellites, high-accuracy global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and clock products are necessary in real time. Recently, the Japanese multi-GNSS advanced demonstration analysis point positioning (PPP) service new generation Australian/New Zealand satellite-based augmentation (SBAS)-aided PPP provide free GNSS that directly broadcast through geostationary respectively. With high quality both shown this study, a 3D accuracy centimeters can be achieved post-processing mode for reduced-dynamic orbits small LEO satellites having duty cycle down to 40% at sub-dm dm level kinematic orbits. The results show promising future POD onboard benefiting from free-of-charge corrections by systems or SBAS.